Gita Verses on What Yoga Really Means

योग का सच्चा अर्थ

Action & Purpose

What is yoga according to the Bhagavad Gita? Far beyond postures, Krishna defines yoga as union, balance, evenness of mind, and skill in action — the disciplined joining of the individual with the Divine. These verses give the Gita's complete definition of yoga.

This guide brings together 7 verses from the Bhagavad Gita on what yoga really means, drawn from chapters 2, 5 and 6.

The Gita's 'yoga' is much wider than physical postures — it is the steady union of the individual with the divine, the skill of action, the evenness of mind, and the path itself. Different chapters give different angles on the same word.

  1. तं विद्याद् दुःखसंयोगवियोगं योगसंज्ञितम्।

    taṁ vidyād duḥkha-sanyoga-viyogaṁ yogasaṅjñitam sa niśhchayena yoktavyo yogo ’nirviṇṇa-chetasā

    Let this be known by the name of Yoga, the severance from union with pain. This Yoga should be practiced with determination and with an undespairing mind.

    जिसमें दुःखोंके संयोगका ही वियोग है, उसीको 'योग' नामसे जानना चाहिये। (वह योग जिस ध्यानयोगका लक्ष्य है,) उस ध्यानयोगका अभ्यास न उकताये हुए चित्तसे निश्चयपूर्वक करना चाहिये।

  2. योगस्थः कुरु कर्माणि सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा धनञ्जय ।

    yoga-sthaḥ kuru karmāṇi saṅgaṁ tyaktvā dhanañjaya siddhy-asiddhyoḥ samo bhūtvā samatvaṁ yoga ucyate

    Perform your duty established in yoga, O Dhananjaya, abandoning attachment and remaining even-minded in success and failure. Such equanimity of mind is called yoga.

    हे धनंजय! आसक्ति त्यागकर तथा सफलता और असफलता में समान रहकर योग में स्थित होकर कर्म कर। यह समत्व ही योग कहलाता है।

  3. बुद्धियुक्तो जहातीह उभे सुकृतदुष्कृते।

    buddhi-yukto jahātīha ubhe sukṛita-duṣhkṛite tasmād yogāya yujyasva yogaḥ karmasu kauśhalam

    Endowed with wisdom and evenness of mind, one casts off in this life both good and evil deeds; therefore, devote yourself to Yoga; Yoga is skill in action.

    बुद्धि-(समता) से युक्त मनुष्य यहाँ जीवित अवस्थामें ही पुण्य और पाप दोनोंका त्याग कर देता है। अतः तू योग-(समता-) में लग जा, क्योंकि योग ही कर्मोंमें कुशलता है।

  4. यथा दीपो निवातस्थो नेङ्गते सोपमा स्मृता।

    yathā dīpo nivāta-stho neṅgate sopamā smṛitā yogino yata-chittasya yuñjato yogam ātmanaḥ

    As a lamp placed in a windless spot does not flicker, so is the Yogi of a controlled mind, who practices Yoga in the Self, compared.

    जैसे स्पन्दनरहित वायुके स्थानमें स्थित दीपककी लौ चेष्टारहित हो जाती है, योगका अभ्यास करते हुए वश में किए हुए चित्तवाले योगीके चित्तकी वैसी ही उपमा कही गयी है।

  5. सांख्ययोगौ पृथग्बालाः प्रवदन्ति न पण्डिताः।

    sānkhya-yogau pṛithag bālāḥ pravadanti na paṇḍitāḥ ekamapyāsthitaḥ samyag ubhayor vindate phalam

    Children, not the wise, speak of knowledge and the Yoga of action, or the performance of action, as though they are distinct and different; he who is truly established in one, obtains the fruits of both.

    बेसमझ लोग सांख्ययोग और कर्मयोगको अलग-अलग फलवाले कहते हैं, न कि पण्डितजन; क्योंकि इन दोनोंमेंसे एक साधनमें भी अच्छी तरहसे स्थित मनुष्य दोनोंके फलरूप परमात्माको प्राप्त कर लेता है।

  6. तपस्विभ्योऽधिको योगी ज्ञानिभ्योऽपि मतोऽधिकः।

    tapasvibhyo ’dhiko yogī jñānibhyo ’pi mato ’dhikaḥ karmibhyaśh chādhiko yogī tasmād yogī bhavārjuna

    The yogi is thought to be superior to the ascetics, even superior to those who have knowledge obtained through the study of scriptures; he is also superior to men of action; therefore, be thou a yogi, O Arjuna.

    (सकामभाववाले) तपस्वियोंसे भी योगी श्रेष्ठ है, ज्ञानियोंसे भी योगी श्रेष्ठ है और कर्मियोंसे भी योगी श्रेष्ठ है -- ऐसा मेरा मत है। अतः हे अर्जुन ! तू योगी हो जा।

  7. श्रुतिविप्रतिपन्ना ते यदा स्थास्यति निश्चला।

    śhruti-vipratipannā te yadā sthāsyati niśhchalā samādhāv-achalā buddhis tadā yogam avāpsyasi

    When your intellect, which is perplexed by the Vedic texts you have read, stands immovable and steady in the Self, then you will attain Self-realization.

    जिस कालमें शास्त्रीय मतभेदोंसे विचलित हुई तेरी बुद्धि निश्चल हो जायगी और परमात्मामें अचल हो जायगी, उस कालमें तू योगको प्राप्त हो जायगा।

✦ More verses on this theme ✦

✦ Frequently Asked Questions ✦

What is yoga according to the Bhagavad Gita?

Krishna gives several definitions of yoga: evenness of mind (samatvam yoga uchyate, 2.48), skill in action (yogah karmasu kaushalam, 2.50), and severance of the bond with suffering (6.23). All point to a steady union with what is highest.

Which Gita verses define yoga?

Gita 2.48 (yoga is evenness of mind), 2.50 (yoga is skill in action), 6.23 (yoga is the cutting of sorrow's bond), 6.5–6 (be your own friend), and 18.78 (where Krishna and Arjuna are, there is prosperity) all shape the meaning of yoga.

How do I practise yoga using the Gita?

Choose the angle that fits your nature — selfless action, devotion, meditation, knowledge — and walk it sincerely. The Gita's view is that any one of these, pursued whole-heartedly, leads to the same depth.

Authoritative sources

Official sites of the scriptural traditions and publishing trusts behind the editions and commentaries cited on this page.