Gita Verses on Reincarnation, Rebirth and the Law of Karma

पुनर्जन्म और कर्म का नियम

Spirituality

Does the Bhagavad Gita teach reincarnation? Krishna explains how the soul takes new births like a person putting on new garments, how karma shapes the journey across lifetimes, and how no sincere spiritual effort is ever lost. A clear guide to rebirth and the law of karma.

This guide brings together 7 verses from the Bhagavad Gita on reincarnation, rebirth and the law of karma, drawn from chapters 2, 4, 6, 8, 9 and 15.

The Gita describes the soul moving from body to body the way a person changes clothes — and karma as the inner momentum that shapes which clothes come next. Every sincere step toward the good is carried forward.

  1. वासांसि जीर्णानि यथा विहाय

    vāsānsi jīrṇāni yathā vihāya navāni gṛihṇāti naro ’parāṇi tathā śharīrāṇi vihāya jīrṇānya nyāni sanyāti navāni dehī

    Just as a man casts off worn-out clothes and puts on new ones, so too the embodied Self casts off worn-out bodies and enters others that are new.

    मनुष्य जैसे पुराने कपड़ोंको छोड़कर दूसरे नये कपड़े धारण कर लेता है, ऐसे ही देही पुराने शरीरोंको छोड़कर दूसरे नये शरीरोंमें चला जाता है।

  2. श्री भगवानुवाच

    śhrī bhagavān uvācha bahūni me vyatītāni janmāni tava chārjuna tānyahaṁ veda sarvāṇi na tvaṁ vettha parantapa

    The Blessed Lord said, "Many births of Mine have passed, as well as of thine, O Arjuna; I know them all, but thou knowest not, O Parantapa (scorcher of foes)."

    श्रीभगवान् बोले -- हे परन्तप अर्जुन ! मेरे और तेरे बहुत-से जन्म हो चुके हैं। उन सबको मैं जानता हूँ, पर तू नहीं जानता।

  3. प्राप्य पुण्यकृतां लोकानुषित्वा शाश्वतीः समाः।

    prāpya puṇya-kṛitāṁ lokān uṣhitvā śhāśhvatīḥ samāḥ śhuchīnāṁ śhrīmatāṁ gehe yoga-bhraṣhṭo’bhijāyate

    Having attained to the worlds of the righteous and having dwelt there for everlasting years, he who fell from Yoga is born in a house of the pure and wealthy.

    वह योगभ्रष्ट पुण्यकर्म करनेवालोंके लोकोंको प्राप्त होकर और वहाँ बहुत वर्षोंतक रहकर फिर यहाँ शुद्ध श्रीमानोंके घरमें जन्म लेता है।

  4. अथवा योगिनामेव कुले भवति धीमताम्।

    atha vā yoginām eva kule bhavati dhīmatām etad dhi durlabhataraṁ loke janma yad īdṛiśham

    Or he is born in a family of even the wisest of yogis; verily, such a birth is very difficult to obtain in this world.

    अथवा (वैराग्यवान्) योगभ्रष्ट ज्ञानवान् योगियोंके कुलमें ही जन्म लेता है। इस प्रकारका जो यह जन्म है, यह संसारमें बहुत ही दुर्लभ है।

  5. यं यं वापि स्मरन्भावं त्यजत्यन्ते कलेवरम्।

    yaṁ yaṁ vāpi smaran bhāvaṁ tyajatyante kalevaram taṁ tam evaiti kaunteya sadā tad-bhāva-bhāvitaḥ

    Whoever at the end leaves the body, thinking of any being, to that being only does he go, O son of Kunti (Arjuna), due to his constant thought of that being.

    हे कुन्तीपुत्र अर्जुन ! मनुष्य अन्तकाल में जिस-जिस भी भावका स्मरण करते हुए शरीर छोड़ता है वह उस (अन्तकालके) भावसे सदा भावित होता हुआ उस-उसको ही प्राप्त होता है अर्थात् उस-उस योनिमें ही चला जाता है।

  6. ते तं भुक्त्वा स्वर्गलोकं विशालं

    te taṁ bhuktvā swarga-lokaṁ viśhālaṁ kṣhīṇe puṇye martya-lokaṁ viśhanti evaṁ trayī-dharmam anuprapannā gatāgataṁ kāma-kāmā labhante

    They, having enjoyed the vast heaven, enter the world of mortals when their merit is exhausted; thus abiding by the injunctions of the three (Vedas) and desiring objects of desires, they attain to the state of coming and going.

    वे उस विशाल स्वर्गलोकके भोगोंको भोगकर पुण्य क्षीण होनेपर मृत्युलोकमें आ जाते हैं। इस प्रकार तीनों वेदोंमें कहे हुए सकाम धर्मका आश्रय लिये हुए भोगोंकी कामना करनेवाले मनुष्य आवागमनको प्राप्त होते हैं।

  7. शरीरं यदवाप्नोति यच्चाप्युत्क्रामतीश्वरः।गृहीत्वैतानि संयाति वायुर्गन्धानिवाशयात्॥

    śharīraṁ yad avāpnoti yach chāpy utkrāmatīśhvaraḥ gṛihītvaitāni sanyāti vāyur gandhān ivāśhayāt

    When the Lord, as the individual soul, obtains a body and when He leaves it, He takes these with Him, just as the wind takes the scents from their seats (flowers, etc.).

    जैसे वायु गन्धके स्थानसे गन्धको ग्रहण करके ले जाती है, ऐसे ही शरीरादिका स्वामी बना हुआ जीवात्मा भी जिस शरीरको छोड़ता है, वहाँसे मनसहित इन्द्रियोंको ग्रहण करके फिर जिस शरीरको प्राप्त होता है, उसमें चला जाता है।

✦ More verses on this theme ✦

✦ Frequently Asked Questions ✦

What does the Bhagavad Gita say about reincarnation and karma?

Krishna teaches that the soul takes on new bodies as one casts off worn-out clothes (2.22), that even an unsuccessful seeker is reborn into favourable circumstances (6.41–43), and that no good effort is ever wasted across lifetimes (6.40).

Which Gita verses are about reincarnation?

Gita 2.22 (changing bodies like clothes), 6.41–45 (the fallen yogi's rebirth and resumed practice), 15.8 (the soul carries the senses), 8.6 (the last thought shapes the next birth), and 4.5 (many births of the divine and of you) are central.

How do karma and rebirth work according to the Gita?

What you cultivate inwardly — habits, attachments, devotion — is carried forward. Tending the inner life now shapes far more than this one stretch of years.

Authoritative sources

Official sites of the scriptural traditions and publishing trusts behind the editions and commentaries cited on this page.